The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) has issued a red alert for severe heat waves expected to sweep across Delhi, Punjab, Haryana, and much of Western Rajasthan starting Sunday, May 19. This alert, the highest level of warning, indicates extreme heat conditions that pose a significant risk to health.
The IMD predicts that these regions will endure severe heatwave conditions for at least five consecutive days. Recent temperatures in Delhi, Chandigarh, and other major cities in these states have soared above 47°C, highlighting the severity of the situation.
According to the IMD, a heatwave is characterized by air temperatures that can be fatal upon exposure. The IMD's definition states, “A heatwave is considered if the maximum temperature of a station reaches at least 40°C or more for plains and at least 30°C or more for hilly regions.” For coastal areas, a heatwave is determined when the maximum temperature exceeds 37°C.
A heatwave is classified based on temperature deviations from normal. If the prevailing temperature is 4.5°C to 6.4°C above normal, it is termed a heatwave. A deviation of more than 6.4°C from normal is classified as a severe heatwave. May is typically the peak month for heatwaves in India, and this year is proving no exception.
The areas under the red alert include not only Delhi, Punjab, and Haryana but also extend to parts of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana. Occasionally, states like Tamil Nadu and Kerala also experience heatwaves. In May, maximum temperatures above 45°C are commonly observed in Rajasthan and the Vidarbha region of Maharashtra.
A red alert from the IMD indicates an extreme heat warning, implying that a severe heatwave has persisted for more than two days or there have been more than six days of heat/severe heatwave conditions. This level of alert suggests a "very high likelihood of developing heat illness and heat stroke in all ages."
The IMD urges extreme caution, particularly for vulnerable populations such as the elderly and infants. To mitigate the impact of the heatwave, people are advised to stay indoors during peak heat hours, stay hydrated, and avoid strenuous activities. Public health advisories have been issued to prevent heat-related illnesses, and emergency services are on high alert to respond to any heat-related health crises.
As temperatures continue to rise, it is crucial for residents in the affected areas to follow safety guidelines and take necessary precautions to protect themselves from the extreme heat. The IMD continues to monitor the situation and will provide updates as necessary.
This extreme weather event underscores the growing concerns about climate change and its impact on global weather patterns, making it all the more important for communities to be prepared and resilient in the face of such challenges.